In a matter of days, Syria’s capital — as soon as the stronghold of Bashar al-Assad’s authorities — grew to become the epicenter of a new chapter in the nation’s historical past after opposition forces overran the metropolis. Christina Goldbaum, a New York Times correspondent, traveled to Damascus to learn how residents had been reacting to the sudden breakthrough in the 13-year civil struggle as greater than 5 many years of brutal rule by the Assad dynasty come to an finish.